Angielski PR — Maj 2020

Usłyszysz dwukrotnie trzy teksty. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl jedną z liter: A, B albo C.

Tekst 1.

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„Last week a workmen's café in the small town of Bourges in France was flooded with phone calls from customers wanting to book tables. It happened after Michelin, the company that publishes highly influential restaurant guides, awarded it with a prestigious star. Imagine how astonished reporters and prospective customers were when they turned up at an inexpensive eatery with plastic tablecloths. A Michelin Guide representative soon phoned the owner to apologise. It turned out that they had confused the café with a more refined establishment of the same name and a similar address, located near Paris.”

(adapted from eater.com)

1.1. How should the news item be headlined?

Tekst 2.

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„In the U.S. about 30 million children take part in some form of organized sporting events and suffer from 3.5 million injuries each year. According to surveys, approximately one third of all the injuries which occur in childhood result from doing sports, and by far the most common are sprains and strains. Obviously, some sports are more risk-prone than others. I'm sure that contact sports like football carry a higher risk of injury than non-contact sports such as swimming. Interestingly, a recently published large-scale study has revealed that, regardless of the type of sport we do, the majority of injuries occur due to overtraining.”

(adapted from hopkinsmedicine.org)

1.2. Which of the following is mentioned in the text as an opinion, not a fact?

Tekst 3.

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„Imagine a seminar attended by 50 people, during which they are taken to a room full of balloons and told to find the balloon with their name written on it within 5 minutes. Usually you'd expect everyone to be frantically searching for the right balloon, pushing each other; some might even get hurt in the process. However, I decided to apply a different method. I instructed people to randomly pick up a balloon and shout the name written on it. The owner would then step forward to collect their balloon. This way, within minutes everyone had their balloons. If you want your team to work efficiently, it's crucial to select the most effective method of coping with a job. Why not carry out both variants of this experiment? Make sure your employees can see the difference!”

(adapted from diply.com)

1.3. The speaker

Usłyszysz dwukrotnie cztery wypowiedzi na temat opóźnień podczas podróży samolotem. Do każdej wypowiedzi (2.1.–2.4.) dopasuj odpowiadające jej zdanie (A–E), zaczynające się od „This speaker...”. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej wypowiedzi.

Speaker 1

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„Five years ago my plane from New York to Washington was delayed because one of its screws had come loose. It turned out that a very specific screw had to be taken from a similar plane that was due to land shortly after. An hour passed and we were still waiting to board. Had I decided on the flight scheduled a bit later than mine, I'd have already reached my destination. Instead, for the next hour or so, I listened to frequent updates on the whereabouts of the screw which only made me more frustrated. Can you believe it? A screw causing a two-hour delay! Incredible! Was the airport warehouse really unable to provide a spare one?”

Dopasuj literę zdania (A–E), które odpowiada wypowiedzi Speaker 1.

Speaker 2

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„Generally I've experienced delays for the most mundane reasons: absent passengers, technical issues and the weather. The only out-of-the-ordinary delay I've had was on a flight from Heathrow to Newark. Headwinds were exceptionally strong, so our flight which was scheduled for seven hours in fact took nine. When we reached our destination, it was late at night and there were only three border control officers to process the passengers. We queued for two hours and learned that our luggage was still stuck on the plane, because there was nobody to deliver it to the terminal. When I finally reached my hotel, I wanted to make a formal complaint but then decided it wasn't worth it.”

Dopasuj literę zdania (A–E), które odpowiada wypowiedzi Speaker 2.

Speaker 3

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„I was flying from Montego Bay to Montreal last month and our flight was delayed by over forty minutes. As soon as we got through security in Montego Bay, the departure boards indicated a delay but no one could tell us why. When we were finally in the air, the pilot informed us that we had taken off late due to unfavourable weather conditions over parts of Florida. However, the next day I learned that the truth was that one of the candidates running for President had been holding a rally in a Miami airport hangar on the day of our flight and the local air space had been temporarily closed for security reasons.”

Dopasuj literę zdania (A–E), które odpowiada wypowiedzi Speaker 3.

Speaker 4

(transkrypcja nagrania)

„Last month, I was travelling on a rickety jet to Orange County when suddenly the pilot began to experience breathing problems. We had to land at Omaha, which was the nearest airport, to transport him to hospital. The airline was really apologetic and once we found ourselves in the arrivals hall we learned that we could spend a night in a luxurious hotel for free before continuing our journey. But that wasn't the end of the surprises. The following day, they put us on a business class flight to Orange County. Well, maybe they suspected that people would demand compensation for the disruption to their journey and wanted to reduce the risk of that happening.”

(adapted from independent.co.uk)

Dopasuj literę zdania (A–E), które odpowiada wypowiedzi Speaker 4.

Usłyszysz dwukrotnie wywiad z aktorem, który zagrał rolę naukowca. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią nagrania. Zakreśl jedną z liter: A, B, C albo D.

(transkrypcja nagrania)

Interviewer: Our guest tonight is Geoffrey Rush, the actor who played Albert Einstein in Genius, a series produced by National Geographic. Such a role doesn't come along every day, but initially you refused to take it. Why? Rush: Well, it clashed with the assignment I was helping my wife to finish and another film I was working on at the time. Since the shooting of Genius was to begin in the middle of all that, I had to turn the offer down. However, the next morning the director called and asked if it would work for me if they started a few months later. I said “yes” immediately. Interviewer: It must have been hard to play such a complex character. Rush: I can tell you it was demanding! In playing Einstein it was important not to ignore the contradictions of his character, most of which I was already aware of. I had read some time previously about his bohemian youth and comfortable bourgeois adult life. I also knew he was a pacifist wrongfully branded as the father of the atomic bomb. But there were also some aspects of his life I didn't know about. Only when reading the script did I discover that with advancing age Einstein started to exhibit quirky behavior such as appearing in public in pyjama trousers or a dressing gown and wearing his wife's shoes if he couldn't find his own. Interviewer: How was your appearance transformed to reflect the different stages of Einstein's life? Rush: Well, it was a result of close collaboration with the hair and make-up people. They gave me this sort of crinkled look and soft drooping eyelids. My hair was good enough for Einstein in his forties. However, different wigs were used for his older years. As for eyebrows, they had to be made considerably thicker, as mine almost don't exist. Many of the reviewers particularly praised my nose. Funnily enough, it was my own. Interviewer: You share your role with an actor playing the young Einstein. What was your experience of that, logistically? Rush: Johnny Flynn was Einstein from his teens and I took over from around the age of 40. We didn't do any scenes together but we portrayed the same person, so consistency was crucial for success. Before the filming started, we talked a lot about the script on Skype. A specialist from a drama school was also hired to give us both classes on Einstein's vocal mannerisms. We had to learn to articulate sounds in the same way so that viewers wouldn't hear the difference in our accents. We did some research but we knew we would have to improvise a lot in acting out our roles. While there is a lot of photographic material on Einstein, newsreel footage which could show us his gestures, is scarce. Another thing is that we had no idea what Einstein was like in private. So when the filming started we carefully observed each other to ensure our portrayals of Einstein were in sync. Interviewer: And the last question. Is there anything about Einstein that particularly struck you? Rush: Einstein had the right brain in the right place at the right time, which made him a genius. If, however, we leave aside his scientific achievements, we see a man who exhibited a lot of human weaknesses. He had doubts and was prone to depression. And just like everybody else he was vulnerable to temptation and often experienced mood swings. In many ways he wasn't much different from the rest of us. Interviewer: Geoffrey, thanks so much for joining us today.

(adapted from news.nationalgeographic.com)

3.1. Geoffrey Rush finally agreed to play the role of Einstein because

3.2. While preparing for the role, Rush learned that

3.3. To transform Rush into Einstein, the make-up team

3.4. To prepare for filming, Rush and Flynn

3.5. When answering the last question, Rush

Przeczytaj trzy teksty o znanych ulicach w Stanach Zjednoczonych (A–C) oraz zdania 4.1.–4.4. Do każdego zdania dopasuj właściwy tekst. Uwaga: jeden tekst pasuje do dwóch zdań.

A. MULHOLLAND DRIVE When Mulholland Drive was completed in 1924, the city took the day off. The fifty-five-mile-long road twists wildly along the top of the mountains until it becomes unpaved. There it winds west through dry creeks thick with wild flowers. Descending through a steep oak and eucalyptus canyon, it ends at Leo Carrillo State Park. This section, known by many as Dirt Mulholland, is not accessible by car, but it's popular with mountain bikers. The paved stretch was once popular with car racers, some of whom underestimated its challenge. The increasing death toll made the city police increase monitoring on the street to discourage racing.

B. PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE Designed as part of the layout of Washington, D.C., Pennsylvania Avenue was intended to be a ‘grand avenue' vital to the city's infrastructure. It was one of the earliest roads constructed in the capital. Until it was paved with crushed stone in 1832, it had been a dirt road. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson recognized its significance and planted oak trees along its edges to distinguish it from other streets in the city. Tradition calls for the President to walk down Pennsylvania Avenue after taking the Oath of Office. After the 9/11 terrorist attack, which claimed thousands of lives, its best-known stretch in front of The White House was permanently closed to traffic for security reasons, but is still open to cyclists and pedestrians.

C. LOMBARD STREET Lombard Street in San Francisco is world-famous for its quarter-of-a-mile-long cliff-like section. The street was once so steep and hazardous for horse-drawn wagons and early cars that there was talk of imposing a ban on traffic there. However, to make it more manageable and reduce the risk of accidents, an enterprising local property owner suggested the system of sharp hairpin bends which is still in use. The bends were later lined with flowers which bloom at different times of year and significantly add to the street's scenic appeal.

(adapted from inside-guide-to-san-francisco; sftravel.com; theculturetrip.com)

4.1. A motor vehicle ban is in force on the most prominent part of this street.

4.2. This road once had a sad record of fatal accidents.

4.3. A stretch of this street was restructured to make driving safer there.

4.4. There are different surfaces on this road.

Przeczytaj tekst, z którego usunięto cztery zdania. Wpisz w każdą lukę (5.1.–5.4.) literę, którą oznaczono brakujące zdanie (A–E), tak aby otrzymać spójny i logiczny tekst. Uwaga: jedno zdanie zostało podane dodatkowo i nie pasuje do żadnej luki.

CLUNY'S CAGE

Charles Edward Stuart (1720–1788), commonly known as the Young Pretender, or Bonnie Prince Charlie, is an important figure in Scotland's history. He believed the British crown was his birthright and together with his Jacobite followers planned to remove the Hanoverian usurper George II from the throne. His bold attempt to achieve this, initiated in 1745, ended with the total defeat of his army at the Battle of Culloden. [5.1.] Bonnie Prince Charlie was one of them. Historians from the 1745 Association have long sought to establish the whereabouts of the hideout where Bonnie Prince Charlie stayed with Cluny MacPherson, one of his closest allies, in early September 1746. Maps of the area have long marked “Prince Charlie's Cave”, also called “Cluny's Cage”, on the southern slopes of Ben Alder. [5.2.] They claim that slightly to the west of the traditional spot they have found a location which more closely matches MacPherson's description of the prince's shelter. The vice-president of the 1745 Association commented on the discovery saying that it cannot be claimed with any certainty that it is the real site of “Cluny's Cage”, but it is a reasonable candidate. [5.3.] And the two large rocks found there must indeed have formed a perfect fireplace from which there was a natural chimney. Besides, smaller stones at the site appear to be blackened on the underside, suggesting a fire may have been lit there. The new location fits MacPherson's description almost entirely. [5.4.] Yet, it follows from various accounts that there were some in this area during the mid-18th century. The Association will now consider what further research or archaeological work may be possible and affordable in order to establish this claim beyond doubt.

(adapted from scotsman.com)

5.1. Które zdanie (A–E) uzupełnia lukę 5.1.?

5.2. Które zdanie (A–E) uzupełnia lukę 5.2.?

5.3. Które zdanie (A–E) uzupełnia lukę 5.3.?

5.4. Które zdanie (A–E) uzupełnia lukę 5.4.?

Przeczytaj dwa teksty na temat pszczół. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, zgodną z treścią tekstu. Zakreśl jedną z liter: A, B, C albo D.

Tekst 1. A WALK WITH AUGUST

On our first Friday evening, when the sky was still pink from the sunset, I went with August to the bee yard. I hadn't been to the hives before, so she gave me a lesson in “bee yard etiquette”. She reminded me that the world was really one big bee yard, and the same rules worked fine in both places. Don't be afraid, no life-loving bee wants to sting you. Still, don't be an idiot; wear long sleeves and trousers. If you feel anxious, whistle. Anxiety agitates, while whistling melts a bee's temper. Above all, send the bees love. August had been stung so many times she had immunity. In fact, she said, stings helped her arthritis, but since I didn't have arthritis, I should cover up. She made me put on one of her long-sleeved white shirts, then placed one of the white helmets on my head and adjusted the netting. Everything appeared softer, nicer. August kept 48 hives scattered through the woods around the house, and she was allowed to have another 280 on neighbouring farms. Thus, the bees had a rich variety of flowers to choose from and produced honey which was more delicious than ever. Those farmers loved her bees, as they made the watermelons redder and the cucumbers bigger. They would have welcomed her bees for free, but to show her gratitude, August paid every one of them with five gallons of honey. She was constantly checking on all her hives. I watched her load her red wagon with frames that you put in the hives for the bees to deposit honey on. “We have to make sure the queen has plenty of room to lay her eggs, or else we'll get a swarm,” she said. “What does a swarm mean?” “Well, if you have a queen and a group of independent-minded bees that split off from the rest of the hive and look for another place to live, then you've got a swarm. They usually cluster on a tree branch somewhere.” It was clear she didn't like swarms. “So,” she said, getting down to business, “what we have to do is take out the frames filled with honey and put in empty ones.” August pulled the wagon while I walked behind it carrying the smoker stuffed with pine straw. August's assistant beekeeper, Zach, had placed a brick on top of each hive to inform August what to do. If the brick was at the front, it meant the colony had nearly filled the combs and needed another frame. If the brick was at the back, there were problems which had to be dealt with, like wax moths or ailing queens. Turned on its side, the brick announced a happy bee family. August struck a match and lit the straw in the smoker. She waved the bucket, sending smoke into the hive. The smoke, she said, worked better than a sedative. Still, when August removed the lids, the bees poured out flapping their wings around our faces. The air rained bees, and I sent them love, just like August said. She pulled out a frame. “There she is, Lily,” said August. “That's the queen, the large one.” I made a curtsy like people do for the Queen of England, which made August laugh.

(adapted from The Secret Life of Bees by Sue Monk Kidd)

6.1. In the first paragraph, the narrator

6.2. From the second paragraph, we learn that

6.3. What was the significance of a brick's position on a beehive?

Tekst 2. MONITORING THE SECRET LIFE OF BEES

“2 bee, or not 2 bee?” That is the question Londoners could be asking when trying to spot one of hundreds of specially numbered bees released into the capital. Biologists at Queen Mary University of London have super-glued “licence plates” to 500 bees and will be sending them off from campus rooftops as part of the London Pollinator Project aimed at preventing a further decline in urban bee numbers caused by habitat loss, pesticides or a lack of flowers rich in nectar and pollen. In an effort to restore the population of these beneficial creatures, researchers are attempting to uncover the secret lives of the insects: locate their preferred patches in the capital and discover their favourite flowers. Hopefully, thanks to these findings, appropriate steps can be taken and the number of bees will gradually go up. Local residents can play a part in the project by creating bee-friendly spaces. Should the same bees return to their balcony or garden, they can record how many times during the day bees do so and which flowers they choose. Then they can send these observations to the researchers using a dedicated smartphone app. In addition, to encourage a city-wide appreciation of bees, the university is also going to award prizes for the best snapshots of these insects. Pictures should be sent via email to the address given on the university website. Knowledge acquired about bee memory for places or flower preferences can help the authorities improve planting schemes which aim to stimulate bee population growth. Additionally, this experience is likely to develop individuals' connections with bees and, consequently, awaken a deeper understanding of why assistance with the conservation of these threatened creatures is crucial. According to bee experts, Britain's bees are facing multiple threats, but we can all play a part in helping them. Making our cities friendly to bees is easy and can make a real difference to the insects' survival.

(adapted from telegraph.co.uk)

6.4. The main goal of the London Pollinator Project is

6.5. The smartphone app enables local residents to

Przeczytaj tekst. Z podanych odpowiedzi wybierz właściwą, tak aby otrzymać logiczny i gramatycznie poprawny tekst. Zakreśl jedną z liter: A, B, C albo D.

SHAKESPEARE'S ORIGINAL CLASSROOM REVEALED

Following a £1.8 million restoration, Shakespeare's Schoolroom & Guildhall in Stratford-upon-Avon opened its doors to the public on 23rd April, 2016. Located in the heart of the town and within a five-minute walk from Shakespeare's place of birth, this is the building where William Shakespeare is believed to [7.1.]. Michael Wood, a historian and broadcaster, described it as “one of the most atmospheric, magical and important buildings in the whole of Britain.” There are no surviving records of the school's pupils in the 16th century, but it is almost certain that this was the school Shakespeare attended until the age of 14 or 15. [7.2.] Shakespeare didn't go to university, all his formal education would have taken place in this single room. There would have been 40 boys, aged from 7 to 15, all taught together by the same teacher. This was a classical education which placed a strong [7.3.] on Latin and memorisation. In the building, visitors exploring Shakespeare's childhood learn the story of his time in Stratford – his education and the inspiration that [7.4.] him to become the world's greatest playwright.

(adapted from bbc.com)

7.1. Wybierz właściwe uzupełnienie luki 7.1.

7.2. Wybierz właściwe uzupełnienie luki 7.2.

7.3. Wybierz właściwe uzupełnienie luki 7.3.

7.4. Wybierz właściwe uzupełnienie luki 7.4.

Przeczytaj tekst. Uzupełnij każdą lukę (8.1.–8.4.) jednym wyrazem, tak aby powstał spójny i logiczny tekst. Wymagana jest pełna poprawność gramatyczna i ortograficzna wpisywanych wyrazów.

DO PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES GET PAID TOO MUCH?

Wouldn't it be great to make $100 million a year simply by doing sports? Many professional athletes certainly think so. But do they really deserve all that money? To my mind, absolutely not. The money you receive should be relative to the importance of your job and its value to society. Yet, [8.1.] to statistics, nurses are paid considerably less than professional athletes. Police officers, firefighters, and rescue teams [8.2.] their own lives while saving others and earn a fraction of what sports stars make. It's truly a pity that [8.3.] of them are given the same recognition as our sporting heroes. I do understand that [8.4.] takes a tremendous number of hours of hard work and dedication to succeed in a competitive sporting environment. However, these people do nothing more than entertain the public.

(adapted from bleacherreport.com)

8.1. Uzupełnij lukę 8.1. jednym wyrazem.

8.2. Uzupełnij lukę 8.2. jednym wyrazem.

8.3. Uzupełnij lukę 8.3. jednym wyrazem.

8.4. Uzupełnij lukę 8.4. jednym wyrazem.

Uzupełnij zdania 9.1.–9.4., wykorzystując podane w nawiasach wyrazy w odpowiedniej formie. Nie należy zmieniać kolejności podanych wyrazów, trzeba natomiast – jeśli jest to konieczne – dodać inne wyrazy, tak aby otrzymać logiczne i gramatycznie poprawne zdania. Wymagana jest pełna poprawność ortograficzna wpisywanych fragmentów zdań. Uwaga: w każdą lukę możesz wpisać maksymalnie pięć wyrazów, wliczając w to wyrazy już podane.

9.1. You (must / forget) ________ to tell them how to get to our house. Otherwise, they would have arrived long before now.

9.2. (Jack / request / have) ________ a day off met with his employer's refusal.

9.3. If the trekkers (decide / take) ________ the shorter route, they would be in trouble now. Fortunately they didn't.

9.4. The ski jumping competition (have to / cancel) ________ yesterday due to strong wind.